Keywords: Indonesia, Jewish community, interfaith relations, religious diversity
Introduction
Indonesia, a Muslim-majority country with no formal ties to Israel, is home to a small but resilient Jewish community. Despite facing challenges and unrest, this community has managed to find peace and solidarity among other faith groups in the country. In this article, we will explore the fascinating story of Indonesia’s Jewish community, their interfaith relations, and their determination to maintain their identity and traditions. Let’s explore The Resilience of Indonesia’s Jewish Community in the Face of Adversity.
Historical Background
The presence of Jews in Indonesia dates back to the 19th century when Ashkenazi and Baghdadi Jews migrated to the country in search of economic opportunities during Dutch colonization. At its peak in the 1930s, the Jewish population in Indonesia was estimated to be around 2,500. However, hostilities towards Jews began to rise after World War II and the founding of Israel, leading many Jews to leave for Australia, Israel, and the United States.
A Minority Within a Muslim-Majority Nation
Today, Indonesia’s Jewish community is small and often hidden due to safety concerns. Practicing Jews like Maryam, who is in her 70s and resides in Jakarta, have experienced the rise of pro-Palestinian demonstrations in the country, where chants of “death to Jews” can be heard. Fearful for their safety, many Jews have resorted to hiding their identity and traditions, such as Maryam’s decision to keep her menorah indoors during Hanukkah.
Gathering in Jakarta and Beyond
Despite the challenges they face, Indonesia’s Jewish community remains resilient. In Jakarta, 10 to 20 Jews gather at Maryam’s house every Shabbat, providing a sense of community and support. Additionally, Rabbi Benjamin Meijer Verbrugge conducts online services for approximately 50 Jews from various regions in Indonesia. In the province of North Sulawesi, Rabbi Yaakov Baruch leads a congregation of 30 to 50 Jews.
Interfaith Relations and Solidarity
While the Israel-Hamas conflict has caused fear and uncertainty among Jews in Indonesia, Rabbi Baruch has established strong relationships with other faith communities in his region. Christian supporters have offered their support, and a police officer now guards the synagogue during prayer services. In an effort to promote peace and empathy, Baruch organized interfaith prayers for the safety of both Israelis and Palestinians, showcasing the unity among different religious leaders.
Antisemitism and Challenges
Antisemitism remains a concern in Indonesia, with a 2010 Pew survey revealing that 74% of Indonesians held unfavorable opinions about Jews. The country has recognized a Palestinian state since 1988 and maintains close relations with Palestinian organizations. Indonesian President Joko Widodo has condemned the violence in Gaza and called for a two-state solution. However, these political stances often blur the distinction between Jews and Israelis, further contributing to misunderstandings and biases.
Struggles with Identity and Religious Recognition
Jews in Indonesia face difficulties when it comes to official recognition of their religion. Although Jewish religious practice is permitted, Judaism is not one of the six recognized religions in Indonesia, leaving many Jews no choice but to identify as one of the recognized religions, often Christianity. This lack of recognition poses challenges for weddings and other religious ceremonies, where they are required to use certificates from other recognized religions.
Acts of Support and Protection
Despite the challenges faced by Indonesia’s Jewish community, there have been acts of support and protection from local authorities and communities. In the face of protests and threats, local authorities have stepped in to ensure the safety of Jewish communities. The police department and military regularly engage with the community, providing a sense of security. Additionally, Jews in the country have donated to local Muslim organizations in exchange for protection.
Efforts for Recognition and Dialogue
Rabbi Meijer Verbrugge has been advocating for national recognition of the Jewish religion for nearly a decade. He believes that the current situation is unfair and that Jews should be able to openly identify with their religion. In 2022, Rabbi Baruch faced opposition when he set up a small Holocaust exhibit in his synagogue. However, through dialogue and communication, the issue was resolved, and the exhibit has now become a permanent museum.
The Role of Faith in Times of Adversity
Indonesia’s Jewish community relies on their faith and trust in God to overcome the challenges they face. With no other choice but to trust in Hashem for protection, they find solace and strength in their religious beliefs. While the situation for Jews in Indonesia may not be ideal, many choose to remain in the country, hoping for a brighter future where they can openly practice their faith.
Conclusion
Indonesia’s Jewish community, though small and often hidden, continues to thrive amidst challenges. Their commitment to their faith, as well as their efforts to foster interfaith relations and seek recognition, demonstrates their resilience and determination. As Indonesia embraces its religious diversity, it is crucial to promote understanding and tolerance, ensuring that all religious minorities, including the Jewish community, can live in peace and harmony within the country.
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